China's power structure and layout to further optimize
Sourc:The SiteAddtime:2017/10/24 Click:0
Clean low-carbon, efficient intelligence. Since
the 18th Party Congress, the power industry with the actual action of
the transformation and upgrading of the sonorous pace, interpretation of
the market changes and innovation in the true meaning. When the seeds of hope spread, when the hard work to pay, when the
wisdom of the spring irrigation, five years waiting to usher in not only
the harvest of traditional crops, but also many high-quality new
varieties of cultivation.
Peaches and plums, the next from Seikei. When the power industry to meet the development of the times, get rid
of the shadow of coal pollution theory, bid farewell to the bottleneck
of new energy consumption, to achieve gorgeous turn after the industry
development also ushered in a new cave.
Support the economic and social development capacity continues to increase
From
1 billion kilowatts in 2011 to 16.5 billion kilowatts in 2016, since
the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China's
power industry has written a new chapter with its usual aspirations. Since the end of 2011, China's power generation installed capacity
reached 1.06 billion kilowatts, more than the United States to become
the world's first power generation power plant, China's power generation
installed capacity to an average annual increase of 100 million
kilowatts to move forward, power generation capacity and power
generation ranks first in the world.
As of the end of 2016, the national full-caliber power generation capacity of 1650.51 million kilowatts. Among
them, 33.27 million kilowatts of hydropower, thermal power 1060.94
million kilowatts, nuclear power 33.64 million kilowatts, and wind power
147.47 million kilowatts, and solar power 76.31 million kilowatts. 2016 national full-caliber power generation capacity of 602.28 billion kwh, up 4.9% over the previous year. Among
them, hydropower 117.48 billion kwh, an increase of 5.6%, thermal power
4227.3 billion kwh, an increase of 2.3%, nuclear power 213.3 billion
kwh, an increase of 24.4%, wind power 240.9 billion kwh, an increase of
29.8%, solar power 66.5 billion kwh , An increase of 68.5%.
As
of the end of 2016, the national average installed capacity of 1.2
kilowatts, respectively, over the previous year and 2010 increased by
1.7 percentage points and 9.5 percentage points; annual per capita
electricity consumption of about 4321 kwh, up 179 kilowatt hours over
the previous year, more than the world average Level. As of the end of 2015, electricity in the terminal energy consumption accounted for 25.8%.
In
the power construction pace and power generation to maintain rapid
growth at the same time, the power system safe and stable operation and
reliable power supply capacity to further enhance. There were no major power safety accidents in the whole country, no
major power equipment accidents occurred, and there was no event that
the dam of the power system hydropower station dam, dams and the society
had a significant impact.
In
2016, the equivalent usable coefficient of coal-fired generating units
of 100,000 kilowatts and above was 92.77%, the equivalent usable
coefficient of 92,000-kilowatt and above was 92.44%, the equivalent
usable coefficient of nuclear power unit was 88.77%, the type of unit The average number of unplanned outages fell below 0.5 / year. The
average annual blackout time of urban users is reduced from 10 hours to
5 hours, the average annual blackout time of rural users is reduced
from 30 hours to 20 hours; the average power failure time of urban users
is 1.75 hours / household, The
country is quite, of which some economically developed areas of urban
power supply reliability reached the international advanced level. The available coefficients of the three types of facilities for
transformer, circuit breaker and overhead line of 220 kV and above are
99.867%, 99.958% and 99.57% respectively, and the index is generally
better than that of North America.
Since the 18th Party Congress, the power system reform has opened a new chapter. "The
CPC Central Committee and State Council on the further deepening of the
power system reform a number of opinions" (in the 9th text) and related
supporting documents have been introduced, the pilot work gradually
carried out, the price mechanism gradually improved, transmission and
distribution price reform pilot to accelerate, Business
to carry out the pilot, the market gradually cultivate the main body,
the market trading center have been set up, the transaction size
gradually increased, the power market construction made new major
progress. The
construction of electricity market effectively reduces the cost of
electricity for social enterprises and improves the user experience. The power industry to support economic and social development capacity to further enhance.
Power structure and layout to further optimize
With the party's eighteen years since the clean low-carbon, green
development horn sounded, China's power structure to accelerate the pace
of adjustment, power structure is optimized, the proportion of coal and
electricity, clean energy, renewable energy power generation increased
significantly.
The power industry continues to promote coal-fired units to eliminate backward production capacity and capacity upgrades. 2010 ~ 2015, the cumulative shutdown of small thermal power units more than 28 million kilowatts. 2016 again retired, shutting down the thermal power unit capacity of 5.71 million kilowatts. At
the same time, a large number of large-capacity, high-parameter,
efficient and environmentally friendly units on the stage of history, as
of the end of 2016, the national stand-alone capacity of 600,000
kilowatts and above thermal power units accounted for 43.4%, than in
2011 increased by 4.6 percentage points; Stand-alone capacity of 1 million kilowatts of thermal power units
reached 96, ranking first in the world, accounting for the proportion of
all thermal power units installed capacity close to 1 / 10. 2016
national thermal power units average stand-alone capacity of 139,900
kilowatts, 0.3 million kilowatts over the previous year.
In contrast to coal investment, in recent years, non-fossil energy power generation has shown a thriving development trend.
In
the first half of 2017, the national wind power installed capacity of
6.01 million kilowatts, to maintain steady growth momentum, the central
and southern regions accounted for more than 50%, reflecting the further
optimization of wind power distribution trend. As
of the end of June, the national wind power installed capacity of 154
million kilowatts, of which the eastern and southern regions accounted
for 24%, "three North" region accounted for down to 76%, the layout is
more scientific and reasonable. The national wind power generation capacity of 149 billion kwh, an
increase of 21%; the average utilization hours of 984 hours, an increase
of 67 hours.
Since the 18th Party Congress, solar power has accelerated. PV
leader plan, PV poverty alleviation plan started, distributed
photovoltaic, "photovoltaic + specialty industry" to obtain rapid
development. In
the first half of 2017, the new photovoltaic power generation installed
capacity of 24.4 million kilowatts, of which 7.11 million kilowatts of
distributed photovoltaic, an increase of 2.9 times. As
of the end of June, the national installed capacity of photovoltaic
power generation reached 102 million kilowatts, of which 84.39 million
kilowatts of photovoltaic power plants, distributed photovoltaic 17.43
million kilowatts. The new installed capacity from the northwest to the central and eastern regions of the trend is more obvious. The national photovoltaic power generation capacity of 51.8 billion kwh, an increase of 75%. At the same time, the first demonstration project of solar thermal
power generation started, the first large-scale energy storage and
thermal power plant and power generation.
The
first half of 2017, all kinds of renewable energy power generation
installed capacity of 37 million kilowatts, accounting for about 70% of
all new power generation installed capacity. Up to now, China's renewable energy power generation installed capacity exceeded 600 million kilowatts. In
addition to wind power and photovoltaic power generation, hydropower
installed capacity reached 338 million kilowatts, biomass power
generation installed capacity of 13.3 million kilowatts. Renewable energy has entered a new stage of large-scale development. At present, China's hydropower, wind power, photovoltaic power generation capacity has been ranked first in the world.
5
years, China has also accelerated the pace of safe and efficient
nuclear power construction, 2016 nuclear power production of seven new
units total 7.2 million kilowatts. As
of June 30, China put into commercial operation of a total of 36
nuclear power units, running installed capacity reached 34.72 million
kilowatts. In the first half of this year, the cumulative generating capacity of
commercial and nuclear power units was 115.533 billion kwh, accounting
for 3.9% of the cumulative electricity generation in the country, and
made no small contribution in supporting energy structure optimization
and controlling air pollution.
As
of the end of June this year, the country's 6000 kilowatts and above
power plant non-fossil energy power generation installed a total of 560
million kilowatts, non-fossil energy installed capacity increased from
27% in 2010 to 35%; non-fossil energy in the primary energy consumption
from 2010 Year 9.4% to 12%.
With
the upgrading of thermal power units and a variety of energy-saving
measures to effectively promote the power industry, energy efficiency
continues to improve. In
2016, the national power consumption of 6,000 kilowatts and above of
the thermal power plant to reduce the coal consumption to 312 g / kWh,
compared with 330 grams / kWh in 2011 to reduce the 18 g / kWh, coal
power plant coal consumption continues to maintain the world advanced
level. Shanghai Waigaoqiao three plants average power consumption is reduced to 276 g / kWh.
In
the country's strict policy requirements, the power industry to
implement strict standards for air pollutant emissions of coal-fired
units, improve the desulfurization and denitrification, dust, ultra-low
emissions and other environmental protection policy, significantly
reduce pollution emissions. As
of the end of 2016, the cumulative completion of ultra-low emissions of
coal and energy-saving transformation are more than 400 million
kilowatts, of which the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region has the conditions
of coal-fired units have completed all low-emission transformation. 2016,
coal-fired energy-saving scale of more than 200 million kilowatts,
ultra-low emission scale of more than 100 million kilowatts. Active coal power units have been fully realized desulfurization, denitrification ratio of more than 92%.
Since
2012, China's electricity soot, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and
other major air pollutant emissions and emissions performance continued
to decline. In
2016, the national electricity dust emissions were about 350,000 tons,
down 1.2 million tons from the previous year, down 12.5 percent from the
previous year. The national electricity sulfur dioxide emissions were
about 1.7 million tons, down 7.43 million tons from the previous year, Annual
decline of about 15%; national electricity nitrogen oxide emissions of
about 1.55 million tons, compared with 2011 down 8.88 million tons, down
about 13.9% over the previous year. In 2016, the national unit of thermal power generation capacity of
carbon dioxide emissions of about 822 g / kWh, down 21.6% over 2005.
Power grid optimization configuration resources significantly improved
The party's eighteen years since the five years, China's power grid construction is the rapid development of five years. Power
grid enterprises based on the actual grid, play the role of power grid,
through the development of UHV transmission, improve the level of
intelligent power grid, improve system balance and adjust the ability to
promote the standard construction and internationalization for China's
new energy development has made important contributions. China
in the UHV technology, UHV standards, special equipment and other
high-voltage to achieve complete autonomy, from only three high-voltage
transmission channel to put into operation 14, the new 9 high-voltage
transmission large channel, the line length of more than 30,000 km The Voltage level, transmission capacity, transmission distance constantly
refresh the world record, the basic formation of the West to East,
North Power South for the UHV transmission network, so that the central
and eastern provinces of nearly 900 million people from the western
clean energy.
With
the special high voltage, trans-regional power grid, regional and
provincial power grid main grid, urban and rural distribution network
construction to promote, improve the power grid structure, power grid
allocation capacity and the "card neck" problem is alleviated. As
of the end of 2016, the national 220 kV and above transmission line
length of 645.3 thousand km, 220 kV and above public substation capacity
of 3.662 billion kVA, respectively, an increase of 5.94%, 9.69%. The national cross-regional transmission capacity of 80.95 million kilowatts. Among
them, cross-DC transmission capacity of 6,571,000 kilowatts, cross-site
point of the network transmission capacity of 13.44 million kilowatts. 2016 UHV circuit loop length and substation capacity were increased by
42.7% and 66.5% over the previous year, 35 ~ 110 kV voltage level of
power distribution equipment capacity increased by 11.8%.
North
China, Central China, East China, Northeast, Northwest, South six
regional power grids at all levels continue to improve the distribution
network power supply capacity, power supply quality and equipment level
significantly improved, rural electricity conditions have been
significantly improved, Electricity problem. Power system security, reliability, economy and resource allocation
capacity has been comprehensively improved, effectively supporting the
economic and social development of electricity demand.
New energy explosive growth caused by the consumer problem has also been effectively alleviated. As
of the end of 2016, the national grid cumulative grid-connected wind
power, photovoltaic power generation installed capacity of 130 million
kilowatts and 70 million kilowatts, is the world's largest new grid of
energy and power grid. In
the first half of 2017, the wind power was 23.5 billion kwh of wind
power, down by 9.1 billion kwh, and the situation of most of the
severely damaged areas was improved. When the national electricity was
3.7 billion kwh, 4.5 percentage points.
Since
the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the
construction of smart grid has entered a stage of vigorous development.
The power grid enterprises have adopted independent innovation as the
driving force to break through the core technology of smart grid from
power generation to power technology, and promote China's power grid
technology to achieve " Followers "to" lead "change. Up
to now, the national grid has installed a total of 427 million smart
meters, built a multi-flexible DC, unified trend controller, the
national landscape storage and a number of leading international smart
grid demonstration projects. Smart
grid can be friendly to accept and optimize the allocation of a variety
of energy to achieve a large energy base and load center of the
effective link, so as to comprehensively build a safe, efficient and
clean modern energy security system to promote energy structure clean
transformation and upgrading to promote renewable energy Larger range, more efficient transmission configuration.
